http://www.rssboard.org/rss-specification 720 http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/search?expand%3Dsubject;f1-subject%3DObservatory%20(space-based);f2-associated-Lesson%3DX-Ray%20History Results for your query: expand=subject;f1-subject=Observatory (space-based);f2-associated-Lesson=X-Ray History Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/view?docId=grxr/HEAO_1/HEAO_1.dc.xml The HEAO project involved the launching of three unmanned scientific observatories into low Earth orbit between 1977 and 1979 to study some of the most intriguing mysteries of the Universe: pulsars, black holes, neutron stars, and supernovae. This artist's conception depicts the High Energy Astronomy Observatory (HEAO)-1 in orbit. HEAO-1 was launched on August 12, 1977, to survey the sky for X-ray and gamma-ray sources, as well as to pinpoint their positions. http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/view?docId=grxr/HEAO_1/HEAO_1.dc.xml Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/view?docId=grxr/OAO_NASA/OAO_NASA.dc.xml OAO-3 was launched on August 21, 1972. It carried an X-ray detector built by University College of London's Mullard Space Science Laboratory and an 80-cm UV telescope built by Princeton University. After its launch, it was named Copernicus to mark the 500th anniversary of the birth of Nicolaus Copernicus. Copernicus operated until February 1981, and returned high resolution spectra of hundreds of stars along with extensive X-ray observations. This picture shows OAO-3 in the clean room at Kennedy Space Center. http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/view?docId=grxr/OAO_NASA/OAO_NASA.dc.xml Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/view?docId=grxr/OSO-Ball-Aerospace/OSO-Ball-Aerospace.dc.xml The objectives of the Orbiting Solar Observatory (OSO) satellite series were to perform solar physics experiments above the atmosphere during a complete solar cycle and to map the celestial sphere for direction and intensity of UV light, X-rays, and gamma radiation. The OSO-1, built by Ball Aerospace, was the first satellite to have pointed instruments and onboard tape recorders for data storage. http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/view?docId=grxr/OSO-Ball-Aerospace/OSO-Ball-Aerospace.dc.xml Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/view?docId=grxr/Sputnik_Satellite/Sputnik_Satellite.dc.xml The Sputnik 1 satellite, shown here on a rigging truck in the assembly shop, was successfully launched and entered Earth's orbit on October 4, 1957. Sputnik shocked the world, giving the Soviet Union the distinction of sending the first human-made object into space and placing the United States a step behind in the space race. http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/view?docId=grxr/Sputnik_Satellite/Sputnik_Satellite.dc.xml Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/view?docId=grxr/greatobs_spectrum_300/greatobs_spectrum_300.dc.xml Because the Earth's atmosphere prevents certain types of radiation from reaching the ground, NASA proposed a series of Great Observatories designed to conduct space-based astronomical studies over many different wavelengths. The program launched four observatories: the Hubble Space Telescope (visible and near ultraviolet); Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (gamma rays); Chandra X-ray Observatory (soft X-rays); and Spitzer Space Telescope (infrared). Each observatory was designed to push the state of technology in its intended wavelength region. http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/view?docId=grxr/greatobs_spectrum_300/greatobs_spectrum_300.dc.xml Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/view?docId=grxr/vanguard1_from_NRL/vanguard1_from_NRL.dc.xml Between 1955 and 1959, NRL conducted the first American satellite program, named Project Vanguard. On March 17, 1958, the Vanguard I satellite was successfully launched into Earth orbit. Just 6 inches (152 mm) in diameter and weighing 3 pounds (1.4 kg), Vanguard 1 was described by then-Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev as, "The grapefruit satellite." Here NRL scientists from the Vanguard I team mount the satellite in the rocket. Vanguard 1 is the oldest artificial satellite still in space, as its predecessors, Sputnik 1, Sputnik 2, and Explorer 1, have fallen out of orbit. http://ecuip-xtf.lib.uchicago.edu/xtf/view?docId=grxr/vanguard1_from_NRL/vanguard1_from_NRL.dc.xml Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT